Kontrol Torka Pengereman Regeneratif Pada Sepeda Listrik Dengan Integrasi Ultrakapasitor

Abstract

Regenerative braking on conventional electric vehicles utilizes the battery as a load in the braking phase to create reverse electric torque which will slow down the vehicle. This method has the disadvantage that the amount of braking torque depends on the maximum charging current of the battery. This final project examines a regenerative braking system using an ultracapacitor as a reverse electric torque-producing load that creates a slowdown in the rotation of the driving motor (BLDC/Brushless DC). The regenerative braking trial using ultracapacitors was carried out on a laboratory scale test model by varying the rotational load or inertia and the number of parallelized capacitors, which will see the effect on the amount of regeneration energy and braking torque that occurs. The load variations are 2.5 kg, 3.75 kg and 5 kg, speed variations of 600 rpm, 700 rpm and 800 rpm and variations of single, parallel ultracapacitor configuration. From the test results obtained the highest current, voltage and braking values ​​at a load variation of 2.5 kg with a speed of 800 rpm and one ultracapacitor with a successive value of 1.57 m/s2, 5.8 mA and 7.87 V. As for the highest energy of 0.2091662 Joule obtained from a load variation of 5 kg with a speed of 800 rpm and parallel ultracapacitor. In addition, it is also known that the highest deceleration torque, on average, was obtained in the test with the lowest load mass, namely 2.5 kg. From the overall test results, it can be observed and concluded that the retarding torque is influenced by the maximum regeneration current that can be achieved, where the value is influenced by the type of capacitor and the regeneration voltage. So that the effective deceleration is only seen at low load inertia and less significant at high load inertia.